The capital city of Australia is Canberra, not Sydney or Melbourne. Canberra is located in the Australian Capital Territory, inland from the east coast and surrounded by New South Wales. It became the seat of federal parliament in 1927, after being chosen as a planned capital between Sydney and Melbourne.
Why Canberra Is the Capital
Many travellers guess that Sydney is Australia’s capital because it is the largest city and one of the main international arrival points. Melbourne is another common guess, as it was the temporary seat of federal parliament before Canberra took over.
Canberra was chosen as a compromise between Sydney and Melbourne, which were both major cities at the time of Federation. The city was designed as a planned capital and became the home of federal parliament in 1927.
Today, Canberra sits within the Australian Capital Territory, often shortened to ACT. It is around three hours by road from Sydney, making it a practical stop on some east coast itineraries.
What Is There to See in Canberra?
Canberra is known for national institutions, museums, galleries, memorials and political landmarks. Key places include Parliament House, the Australian War Memorial, the National Gallery of Australia, the National Museum of Australia and Lake Burley Griffin.
For travellers who enjoy culture, history and city touring, Canberra can fit neatly between Melbourne and Sydney. The Capital City Classic includes Canberra as part of a Melbourne to Sydney journey, with time for Parliament House and other city highlights.
Canberra also appears on guided touring routes such as AAT Kings Southern Capitals Meets Bush Tour, which links three major south-eastern cities in one trip.
Should You Visit Canberra on an Australia Trip?
Canberra is worth considering if you are interested in Australian history, politics, museums or slower-paced city touring. It is not usually a beach or nightlife destination in the way Sydney or Melbourne can be, but it gives useful context to the country.
It can work well as part of a New South Wales journey, especially if you are travelling between Sydney and the southern coast or continuing towards Victoria. For travellers planning around culture and heritage, the Culture & Heritage Tours collection is a helpful place to compare options.